On Saturday, we had a great day at Berwick Wargames Association re-fighting the 100th anniversary of the battles of Cambrai and Villers-Bretonneux and remembering the birth of the Royal Tank Regiment. 
The Regimental Colours are Brown, Red and Green. When it was first formed, the Tank Corps had no distinctive colours. Nothing was done about it until just before the Battle of Cambrai in 1917 when General Elles, wanting some distinguishing mark for his tank, went into a shop to buy material for a flag. Although stocks were small, the General bought some lengths of silk-brown, red and green. The silk was sewn together and was flown from his tank ‘Hilda’ in which he led the Tank Corps into battle.
The colours typified the struggle of the Corps – ‘From mud, through blood to the green fields beyond’. This most apt interpretation of the colours was suggested by Colonel Fuller. The flag is flown with the green uppermost.
Fortunately the on table weather was decidedly better than outside.
The Battle of Cambrai, fought between 20 November and 7 December 1917, was the first battle in history involving the employment of tanks en masse. After a series of failures, largely due to the impassibility of the mud, during the Ypres offensives the proponents of the tank were keen to prove its worth my mounting a massed raid on the German line west of Cambrai in northern France. This raid evolved into a full scale attack employing six infantry divisions, two cavalry divisions, over 1000 guns and 476 tanks, which was launched at dawn on 20 November 2017. The initial assault was a spectacular success, demonstrating the power of the tank when employed in a shock role, and ripped a hole almost ten kilometers wide and six kilometers deep in the German line. Mechanical failures among the tanks, the deployment of German reserves, and the obstacle presented by the St. Quentin Canal sapped the attack of its momentum after the first day. The fighting swayed to and fro for the next nine days, with the British unable to capitalize on their early gains and the Germans unable to force them back to any extent. On 30 November, however, the Germans launched a counterattack with twenty divisions to cut-off the “neck” of the salient. By 7 December, they had recaptured all of the ground lost since 20 November.
The re-fight ended in a resounding victory for the British as the infantry supporting the tank attack were able to secure the German communication trenches, albeit with the loss of all six British tanks.
We also re-fought the only tank v tank battle at the Second Battle of Villers-Bretonneux.
After the Germans took Villers-Bretonneux on the 24th of April 1918, three British Mark IV tanks (a male and two females) advanced on the town. They were surprised by the German A7V, “Nixe”. Nixe opened fire ripping holes in the sides of both female tanks exposing the crew. They both retreated as their machine guns were unable to penetrate the armour of the A7V.
The male Mark IV continued to fire it six pounder guns at the A7V, although as half of its crew had been gas casualties earlier in the days fighting they were severely hampered. In order to try and avoid the German artillery fire and the gun of the German tank they resorted to firing on the move which meant the gunner had difficulty in aiming. Eventually the Mark IV stopped to allow the gunner a clear shot and the gunner scored three hits. The German tank tried to cross a ditch and reeled over on its side – destroyed more by crossing the ditch at the wrong angle than the hits.
The British male tank was then attacked by two more A7Vs. After firing several shots they retired because of the German supporting infantry. When a mortar hit the tracks the crew abandoned it and escaped to nearby trenches.
Seven of the new British Whippet medium tanks then arrived and attacked the advancing German infantry with machine-guns and by running them down. Only four of the seven Whippets came back, the rest being destroyed by artillery fire. An eye witness reported the Whippet’s tracks were covered in blood.
Earlier in the day the A7V No 506 “Mephisto”, had fallen onto its side and had been abandoned. The tank was recovered by Australian and British troops some three months later, and is now in the Australia War Memorial. “Mephisto” is the only surviving A7V in existence.

Unfortunately the re-fight did not follow the “original” script with the German Tanks easily accounting for the Mk1V’s with all three still intact when the Whippets arrived. Pete having a resounding victory over Dave (making up for his failure to stop the British break through at the Cambrai re-fight).
















